Mining Terms : Grade and Cut-Off Grade
In mining projects, determining the value of ore is based not only on what is extractable, but also on what is economically worth extracting. At this point, two basic concepts come into play: Grade and Cut-Off Grade. 🟢 Grade: It is the proportion of precious metal contained in an ore. This rate; In ore analysis, it is specified in grams per ton (g/t) or percentage (%). Examples: • 4 grams of gold → 4 g/t Au in 1 ton of ore • 1.8% copper → 1.8% Cu in 1 ton of ore 🟠 Cut-Off Grade: It is the minimum metal ratio that the ore must have in order to be put into operation. This value; Metal prices are calculated based on production costs, enrichment yield, and even future economic projections. 🖊️ Simply: • Grade = How much precious metal is in the ore? • Cut-Off Grade = Is that ratio valuable enough to operate? When grade and cut-off grade are evaluated together, it reveals whether the mining operation will be economically sustainable. Therefore, it is imperative that engineers who are responsible for strategic decision-making in mining systematically evaluate laboratory data together with economic parameters. In this series, I not only define technical concepts, but also cover them in plain language, along with their place in the industry. We hope to make small but solid contributions to both students and engineers working in the field...