This research paper studies and compares two popular rock classification systems — Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and the Tunneling Quality Index (Q-system) — which are very important for designing safe and stable tunnels. When engineers build tunnels underground, they need to understand the condition of the surrounding rocks. Some rocks are strong and stable, while others are weak and may collapse if not supported properly. The RMR and Q-systems help engineers measure rock quality, identify possible risks, and choose the best support methods such as rock bolts, shotcrete, steel ribs, or concrete lining. The study uses real tunnel projects to test both systems and see how accurate they are in predicting rock stability and support requirements. It also discusses the advantages and limitations of each system. The RMR system is easier to apply and gives quick results, making it suitable for simple projects. On the other hand, the Q-system is more detailed and works better in complex geological conditions where more precision is needed. The paper concludes that both systems are useful, but the best choice depends on the type of rock, tunnel depth, and construction method. Understanding these systems helps engineers make better design decisions, reduce risks of tunnel failure, and save time and money during construction. In simple terms, this research shows how science and engineering come together to make underground tunnels safer and more reliable for people and industries.